WASHINGTON, 17 Aral\u0131k 2012 (IPS) – ABD ve Rusya, her ne kadar So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n zirvesindeki g\u00f6re n\u00fckleer silah say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ciddi oranda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f olsalar da, Amerikan Bilim \u0130nsanlar\u0131 Federasyonu\u2019nun (FAS) Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn h\u0131z\u0131 azal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Dahas\u0131, bu iki \u00fclke, geri kalanlar\u0131n 15 kat\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelecek bi\u00e7imde t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyadaki n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131na sahip olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n
FAS N\u00fckleer Bilgi Projesi y\u00f6neticisi Hans M. Kristensen &com;\u00d6nceki 20 y\u0131lla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda n\u00fckleer silahs\u0131zlanman\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131 yava\u015fl\u0131yor&com; dedi. &com;Hem ABD, hem de Rusya daha fazla silahs\u0131zlanma konusunda daha \u00e7ekinceli davran\u0131yor ve gelecek 10 y\u0131ldaki \u00f6nceliklerini varolan cephaneliklerini modernize ederek geli\u015ftirmeye veriyor.&com;<\/p>\n
Gelecek 10 y\u0131ldaki geli\u015fmelere bakan yeni yay\u0131nlanan FAS raporuna g\u00f6re, ABD 1991\u2019de 19 bin civar\u0131nda olan n\u00fckleer silah say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bug\u00fcn 4650\u2019ye indirmi\u015f durumda. Rusya\u2019n\u0131n say\u0131lar\u0131 kamuoyuna a\u00e7\u0131klanmasa da, FAS\u2019\u0131n tahminlerine g\u00f6re bu \u00fclkede d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti ve 30 bin olan silah say\u0131s\u0131 4500 civar\u0131na indi. \u00d6te yandan iki \u00fclkede toplam 16 bin silah imha edilmeyi bekliyor.<\/p>\n
Bu say\u0131lar yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 katl\u0131k bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe i\u015faret ediyor ve k\u0131sa menzilli n\u00fckleer silahlarda Washington\u2019un y\u00fczde 85, Moskova\u2019n\u0131n da y\u00fczde 93 indirime gitti\u011fini g\u00f6steren oranlarla destekleniyor. <\/p>\n
Bu veriler uluslararas\u0131 diplomasi ve ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6sterse de, FAS analistleri uzun d\u00f6nemde bu izle\u011fin &com;giderek daha az ilgi \u00e7ekici ve anlaml\u0131&com; olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc vurguluyor.<\/p>\n
ABD ve Rusya aras\u0131nda Yeni Stratejik Silah \u0130ndirimi Anla\u015fmas\u0131 (START) 2011\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015f olsa da, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin biti\u015f tarihi olan 2018\u2019de her iki \u00fclkenin sahip oldu\u011fu stratejik n\u00fckleer silah say\u0131s\u0131 bug\u00fcne g\u00f6re &com;marjinal bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f&com; g\u00f6stermi\u015f olacak. <\/p>\n
Yeni elde edilen verilere kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde ya yeni bir dizi silahs\u0131zlanma anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ya da \u00fclkelerin tek tarafl\u0131 olarak azatl\u0131m programlar\u0131 ba\u015flatmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Her iki se\u00e7enek de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmezse, &com;geni\u015f n\u00fckleer cephaneliklerin uzun zaman daha varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumas\u0131&com; olas\u0131. <\/p>\n
Se\u00e7imlerin tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, Ba\u015fkan Barack Obama\u2019ya seslenen Kristensen &com;bir kez daha n\u00fckleer silah kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131n a\u015fl\u0131ca ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline getirmesi&com; \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu. Bor\u00e7 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015f bir \u015fekilde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde, ABD\u2019nin tek tarafl\u0131 olarak indirime gitmesi i\u00e7in de uygun zeminin oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131. <\/p>\n
FAS raporunu destekleyen Washington merkezli bir bar\u0131\u015f ve g\u00fcvenlik odakl\u0131 kurum olan Ploughshares Fund\u2019a g\u00f6re, ABD \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 10 y\u0131lda n\u00fckleer program\u0131na 640 milyar dolar harcamay\u0131 planl\u0131yor. <\/p>\n
N\u00fckleersiz d\u00fcnya<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan Obama ilk d\u00f6nemine, 2009\u2019da Prag\u2019da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n &com;her yerde ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm insanlar\u0131n sorunu oldu\u011funu&com; s\u00f6yledi\u011fi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir konu\u015fmayla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/p>\n
Sadece birka\u00e7 ay \u00f6nce g\u00f6reve ba\u015flayan ba\u015fkan, ABD\u2019nin bu konuda \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir sorumlulu\u011fu oldu\u011funu da eklemi\u015fti. &com;N\u00fckleer silah kullanm\u0131\u015f olan tek n\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak, ABD\u2019nin harekete ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in ahlaki bir sorumlulu\u011fu bulunuyor\u2026 Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bug\u00fcn ben a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ve inan\u00e7la, ABD\u2019nin n\u00fckleersiz bir d\u00fcnyada bar\u0131\u015f ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fe olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyorum.&com;<\/p>\n
Takip eden d\u00f6rt y\u0131l boyunca, en \u00f6nemlisi START anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere, Washington\u2019da bu konu \u00fczerine \u00e7ok k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 bir yasal \u00e7aba g\u00f6sterildi. Kapsaml\u0131 N\u00fckleer Test Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 imzalamaktan tekrar ve tekrar imtina eden Washington\u2019un tavr\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Kristensen ve di\u011ferleri geli\u015fmeyi &com;vasat&com; olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. <\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce ge\u00e7ekle\u015fen ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imlerinin ard\u0131ndan Ba\u015fkan Obama silahs\u0131zlanma konusunda yeni bir dizi giri\u015fimde bulunmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren i\u015faretler verdi. Aral\u0131k ay\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, se\u00e7imin ard\u0131ndan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk d\u0131\u015f politika konu\u015fmas\u0131nda, ge\u00e7mi\u015f ba\u015far\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131n &com;ABD\u2019nin sonuca yakla\u015fmaktan uzak oldu\u011funu&com; belirtti.<\/p>\n
&com;Rusya varolan anla\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131n \u00fclkelerimiz aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen ili\u015fkilerin h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 yakalayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Buna cevab\u0131m\u0131z, anla\u015fmay\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye haz\u0131r oldu\u011fumuzdur&com; diye ekledi.<\/p>\n
Washington merkezli bir izleme kurulu\u015fu olan Arms Control Association y\u00f6neticisi Daryl G. Kimball, IPS\u2019e e-postayla verdi\u011fi cevapta, &com;Bu ifadeler ulusal g\u00fcvenlik ekibine, Kongre\u2019ye, Amerikan halk\u0131na ve d\u00fcnyaya Obama\u2019n\u0131n n\u00fckleer risk azatl\u0131m\u0131 konusundaki giri\u015fimleri tamamlama y\u00f6n\u00fcnde verdi\u011fi \u00f6nemli bir i\u015faret&com; dedi.<\/p>\n
&com;Cesur ad\u0131mlar atarak, Ba\u015fkan Obama k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte n\u00fckleer tehlikeleri azaltabilir, s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 n\u00fckleer silahs\u0131zlanma sistemini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirebilir ve kal\u0131c\u0131 bir uluslararas\u0131 n\u00fckleer g\u00fcvenlik miras\u0131 b\u0131rakabilir.&com;<\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz haftalarda Washington\u2019da Ba\u015fkan Obama\u2019ya bu y\u00f6nde artan say\u0131da \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 geldi ve hem Rusya\u2019yla yeni anla\u015fmalar\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131 hem de tek tarafl\u0131 olarak ABD\u2019nin cephaneli\u011fini azaltmas\u0131 konusunda talepler artt\u0131. \u00d6te yandan her iki cephede de olas\u0131l\u0131klar i\u00e7 karart\u0131c\u0131.<\/p>\n
Washington merkezli bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015fu olan Endowment for International Peace taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan bir politika notuna g\u00f6re silah kontrol konusu ABD\u2019de &com;So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n sonundan bu yana en partizan halini ald\u0131&com;. Notun edit\u00f6r\u00fc James M. Acton bu durumun k\u0131smen Cumhuriyet\u00e7ilerin Ba\u015fkan Obama\u2019n\u0131n son hedefine, n\u00fckleersiz bir d\u00fcnya hedefine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Dahas\u0131, Obama\u2019n\u0131n iki \u00fclke ili\u015fkilerini yeniden kurma \u00e7abalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n son aylarda ABD-Rusya ili\u015fkileri \u00f6zellikle ABD\u2019nin Avrupa\u2019da kurmay\u0131 planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 f\u00fcze savunma sistemi \u00fczerinden artan \u015fekilde gerginle\u015fti. <\/p>\n
Son 40 y\u0131lda ilk kez olmak \u00fczere, ABD Kongresi\u2019nin Rusya\u2019yla ticari ili\u015fkileri normalle\u015ftirme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde att\u0131\u011f\u0131 ad\u0131mlar, Moskova\u2019y\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 konusundaki k\u00f6t\u00fc sicili nedeniyle cezaland\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefleyen yapt\u0131r\u0131mlarla an\u0131nda g\u00f6lgelendi.<\/p>\n
Rus h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin cevab\u0131 da ayn\u0131 sertlikte oldu ve bu yasan\u0131n &com;ikili i\u015fbirli\u011fi olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkileyece\u011fini&com; vurgulad\u0131.<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
WASHINGTON, 17 Aral\u0131k 2012 (IPS) – ABD ve Rusya, her ne kadar So\u011fuk Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n zirvesindeki g\u00f6re n\u00fckleer silah say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ciddi oranda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f olsalar da, Amerikan Bilim \u0130nsanlar\u0131 Federasyonu\u2019nun (FAS) Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn h\u0131z\u0131 azal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-headlines"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/81"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=135"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/135\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}