B\u0130RLE\u015eM\u0130\u015e M\u0130LLETLER, 13 May\u0131s, 2010 (IPS) – Aralar\u0131nda siyaset\u00e7iler, sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve diplomatlar da bulunan sava\u015f kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131 kara may\u0131nlar\u0131, k\u00f6rle\u015ftiren lazer silahlar\u0131, misket bombalar\u0131, par\u00e7alanan mermiler, kimyasal ve biyolojik silahlar\u0131n da aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc silahlar\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Uluslar aras\u0131 anla\u015fmalar yaratmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Fakat &com;t\u00fcm silahlar\u0131n en k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fc&com; olarak da tan\u0131mlanan n\u00fckleer silahlar kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, \u00fcretimini ve yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayan bir anla\u015fmadan kurtulmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00d6nerilen bir n\u00fckleer silah anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n (NWC) neden hayata ge\u00e7medi\u011fi sorusunu IPS i\u00e7in cevaplayan N\u00fckleer Silahs\u0131zlanma ve Silahlar\u0131n Art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00d6nlemek \u0130\u00e7in Parlamenterler (PNND) \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fcresel y\u00f6neticisi Alyn Ware &com;N\u00fckleer hem askeri hem de politik bir silah&com; diye cevap verdi.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi'nin daimi \u00fcyesi olan, ayr\u0131ca a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a n\u00fckleer silah sahibi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc be\u015f \u00fclkesini -ABD, Rusya, Britanya, Fransa ve \u00c7in- \u00f6rnek veren Ware, &com;N\u00fckleer silah g\u00fc\u00e7 g\u00f6sterisidir&com; dedi.<\/p>\n
Ware, resmi olarak kabul edilmese de Hindistan, Pakistan, \u0130srail ve Kuzey Kore'nin elindeki n\u00fckleer silahlara sar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n da ayn\u0131 nedenden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<\/p>\n
Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde uzun zamand\u0131r masada olan anla\u015fma \u00f6nerisi 28 May\u0131s'a kadar s\u00fcrecek N\u00fckleer Silahs\u0131zlanma Anla\u015fmas\u0131 (NPT) De\u011ferlendirme konferans\u0131 sayesinde yeniden g\u00fcndeme geldi.<\/p>\n
Eski bir silahs\u0131zlanma konular\u0131ndan sorumlu BM Genel Sekreter Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olan ve 1995'teki NTP De\u011ferlendirme konferans\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten Jayantha Dhanapala konferansa kat\u0131lan delegelere &com;Radikal bir de\u011fi\u015fime ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z yok&com; dedi.<\/p>\n
&com;Biyolojik ve kimyasal silahlar\u0131 kitle imha silah\u0131 olarak nas\u0131l yasaklad\u0131ysak, anti personel kara may\u0131nlar\u0131 ve misket bombalar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 konvansiyonel silahlar olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131ysak, n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131 da yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kabul edecek bir s\u00fcrece girmemiz gerekiyor.&com;<\/p>\n
Bir n\u00fckleer silah anla\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin &com;derhal ba\u015flamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini&com; s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde N\u00fckleer Silahlar\u0131n Ortadan Kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Uluslararas\u0131 Kampanya'n\u0131n (ICAN) \u00e7ekti\u011fi aktivistler aras\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerlerinden sava\u015f ve n\u00fckleer silah kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131 da yer al\u0131yor: Parlamentolar Aras\u0131 Birlik (IPU), N\u00fckleer Politika \u00dczerine Avukatlar Komitesi, Nobel Kad\u0131n Giri\u015fimi, Amerikan Bilimciler Federasyonu, Bar\u0131\u015f \u0130\u00e7in Valiler ve Japonya'dan Uluslararas\u0131 Soka Gakkai.<\/p>\n
Avukatlar, bilim insanlar\u0131 ve silahs\u0131zlanma uzmanlar\u0131nda olu\u015fturulan ve 1997'den bu yana BM belgesi olarak dola\u015f\u0131mda olan bir taslak son olarak 2007'de elden ge\u00e7irildi. <\/p>\n
Taslak, &com;t\u00fcm n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n kapsaml\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde yasaklanmas\u0131 ve ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 etkin bi\u00e7imde sa\u011flayacak yasal olarak ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, izlenebilir ve uygulanabilir mekanizmalar\u0131n kurulmas\u0131n\u0131&com; \u00f6neriyor.<\/p>\n
ICAN'\u0131n ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Dr. Rebecca Johnson, IPS'e, taslak anla\u015fman\u0131n n\u00fckleer silahs\u0131zlanma konusunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak teknik ve yasal engelleri a\u015fmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 fikirle sunan ge\u00e7erli bir kaynak oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Tasla\u011f\u0131n kapsaml\u0131 bir anla\u015fman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermek \u00fczere farkl\u0131 fikirleri derledi\u011fini, hemen sonlanacak &com;ya kabul et ya da git&com; anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na sahip bir metin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<\/p>\n
&com;G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler ancak kendi ko\u015fullar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ba\u015flayacak ve y\u00fcr\u00fcyecek ama biz diplomatlar\u0131n kendi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerini ararken bizim tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, hatta haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z tasla\u011f\u0131n baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini faydal\u0131 bulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz.&com;<\/p>\n
Tasla\u011f\u0131n NPT'nin \u015fu anki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00fcndeme gelip gelmeyece\u011fi sorusuna, NPT'ye taraf da olan 118 \u00fcyeli Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131z Devletler'in yan\u0131 s\u0131ra baz\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkeleri ve BM Genel Sekreteri Ban Ki-moon'un da bir \u00e7e\u015fit kapsaml\u0131 anla\u015fma i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek yan\u0131t verdi.<\/p>\n
\u00c7a\u011fr\u0131, n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yerle\u015ftirilmesini tamamen yasaklayan, varolan silahlar\u0131n da s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve ya da anla\u015fma; bir di\u011fer deyi\u015fle N\u00fckleer Silahlar Anla\u015fmas\u0131'n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n
Johnson &com;Bu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 2010 NPT Konferans\u0131'nda n\u00fckleersiz \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan yeni bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131yla da g\u00fc\u00e7 kazand\u0131&com; diye de ekledi. <\/p>\n
Hepsi olmasa da, baz\u0131 n\u00fckleer silah sahibi \u00fclkelerin muhalefeti nedeniyle anla\u015fma i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere verilecek deste\u011fin sonu\u00e7 metnine girmesinin bir m\u00fccadele gerektirdi\u011fini de vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Johnson, buna ra\u011fmen, 2000 NPT Konferans\u0131'nda kabul edilen ve silahs\u0131zlanma i\u00e7in 13 pratik ad\u0131m \u00f6ng\u00f6ren \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 da i\u00e7eren ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6ren kapsaml\u0131, anla\u015fma odakl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n destek bulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Ware de BM'nin bir NWC g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine derhal ba\u015flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar\u0131n \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00fclke taraf\u0131ndan desteklendi\u011fini belirtti. Destek\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda Kuzey Kore, \u00c7in, Hindistan ve Pakistan gibi n\u00fckleer silah sahipleri de bulunuyor. <\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, di\u011fer n\u00fckleer silah sahibi \u00fclkeler ve silah\u0131 olmasa da ABD'yle n\u00fckleer cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k konusunda ili\u015fkisi bulunan \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin ba\u015flamas\u0131na muhalefet var.<\/p>\n
Ware'e g\u00f6re, muhalifler g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6n ad\u0131mlar ve temel g\u00fcvenlik konular\u0131 oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, \u00e7ok say\u0131da yorumcu bu \u00f6n ad\u0131mlar\u0131n ve g\u00fcvenlik meselelerinin en iyi \u015fekilde ancak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ele al\u0131nabilece\u011fini vurguluyor.<\/p>\n
Ware, NPT De\u011ferlendirme konferans\u0131ndan daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir hedefin taraf devletleri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere haz\u0131rlanmak i\u00e7in bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 ba\u015flatmaya ikna etmek oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
2005 toplant\u0131s\u0131nda Malezya ve Kosta Rika'n\u0131n sundu\u011fu bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma belgesi n\u00fckleersiz bir d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in gerekli yasal, teknik, kurumsal ve siyasi ad\u0131mlar\u0131n neler oldu\u011funun ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n
Georgetown \u00dcniversitesi Bar\u0131\u015f ve G\u00fcvenlik \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Merkezi'nin ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131ndan Dr. Natalie J. Goldring, IPS'e, &com;Bir n\u00fckleer silah s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi iddial\u0131 bir hedef&com; dedi. Fakat ABD ba\u015fkan\u0131 Barack Obama'n\u0131n liderli\u011finde bu hedefin ger\u00e7e\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilece\u011fini ekledi.<\/p>\n
Goldring bir n\u00fckleer silah anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n Obama'n\u0131n n\u00fckleer silahs\u0131zlanma hedefini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken mant\u0131kl\u0131 bir ad\u0131m oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131. &com;Obama y\u00f6netimi do\u011fru yolda ilerliyor ama bu konular\u0131 daha acil olarak ele almal\u0131.&com;<\/p>\n
S\u00fcre giden NPT De\u011ferlendirme konferans\u0131n\u0131n silahs\u0131zlanma ve n\u00fckleerin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki ortak \u00e7abalar\u0131n kenetlenmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir \u015fans sundu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Goldring, bir n\u00fckleer silah anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fckleer silahs\u0131zlanmaya giden yolu a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ekledi.<\/p>\n
&com;H\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin n\u00fckleer silahs\u0131zlanma s\u00f6z\u00fc verirken di\u011fer yandan silah geli\u015ftirmeye devam etmesiyle olu\u015fan k\u0131s\u0131rd\u00f6ng\u00fc k\u0131r\u0131labilir&com; diyen ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 bir anla\u015fma i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere ba\u015flama karar\u0131n\u0131n bile ileriye do\u011fru \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti.<\/p>\n
Ona g\u00f6re bir anla\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemli par\u00e7alar\u0131 n\u00fckleer silahlar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi, test edilmesi, \u00fcretimi, depolanmas\u0131, transferi ve kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayan d\u00fczenlemeler getirmesi olmal\u0131. <\/p>\n
Taslak anla\u015fmadaki yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n anlaml\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirten Goldring ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta ABD ve Rusya'n\u0131n cephanelerine odaklanman\u0131n da do\u011fru olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
ABD ve Rusya a\u00e7\u0131k arayla en geni\u015f n\u00fckleer silah cephanelerine sahip. Bu iki \u00fclke cephanelerini ciddi oranda azaltmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece Goldring'e g\u00f6re di\u011ferlerinin onlar\u0131 izlemesi i\u00e7in fazla bir sebep yok.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u0130RLE\u015eM\u0130\u015e M\u0130LLETLER, 13 May\u0131s, 2010 (IPS) – Aralar\u0131nda siyaset\u00e7iler, sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve diplomatlar da bulunan sava\u015f kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131 kara may\u0131nlar\u0131, k\u00f6rle\u015ftiren lazer silahlar\u0131, misket bombalar\u0131, par\u00e7alanan mermiler, kimyasal ve biyolojik silahlar\u0131n da aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc silahlar\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Uluslar aras\u0131 anla\u015fmalar yaratmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-headlines"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=123"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipsnews.net\/turkce\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}